Why was the market so bearish earlier this year, but now suddenly bullish again?

Earlier this year it felt like sentiment was extremely negative everywhere. People were talking recession, sticky inflation, rate cuts not happening, overvalued tech, AI bubble, consumer weakness, etc. A lot of people sounded convinced the market was headed lower.

Now fast forward a few months and sentiment feels completely different. Stocks are ripping again, people seem bullish on AI/growth, and fear kinda disappeared.

What changed?