List of 10 chains with fake decentralization - ETH, BASE, and others with Nakamoto score of 1 - literally a shared database with SPECTATORS, not Validators.

The Nakamoto Coefficient measures how decentralized a blockchain is by identifying the minimum number of independent entities (validators, miners, or staking/mining pools) that collectively control enough power to disrupt consensus:

33% of the total stake or voting power in Proof-of-Stake systems

Over 50% of the total hash power in Proof-of-Work systems

Chainspect calculates this by analyzing the current consensus set and grouping entities controlled by the same individual or organization as one. Only active validators or miners participating in consensus are included.

A higher Nakamoto Coefficient means the network is more decentralized and harder to manipulate. A lower one indicates that fewer entities could coordinate to halt or censor the chain.

According to Chainspect, here is the list of chains with a Nakamoto Score of 1:

Arbitrum

Base

BSV Blockchain

Ethereum

Etherlink

Kaia

Kusama

Optimism

Starknet

Waterfall